Franciscus Roofing

Hailstorms are a common concern for homeowners, especially in areas like Northeast Ohio where severe weather can happen throughout the year. When hail falls, it strikes the roof surface directly, and depending on the size and speed of the hail, different materials can handle the impact in different ways.

Some roofing types are designed to resist damage better than others, based on their composition, thickness, and structure. The size of the hailstones and the condition of the roof at the time of the storm also play a role in determining how much damage may occur.

Understanding how different roofing materials perform under hail impact can help identify which options are more resistant to damage. This comparison uses industry-standard testing like the UL 2218 impact rating system, which ranks materials from Class 1 to Class 4, with Class 4 being the most hail-resistant.

Which Roofing Materials Offer The Best Hail Resistance

The ability of roofing materials to withstand hail varies widely. Some materials can handle golf ball-sized hail with minimal damage, while others may show significant wear from even smaller hailstones. The UL 2218 rating system tests materials by dropping steel balls from specific heights to simulate hail impact. A Class 4 rating indicates the highest level of impact resistance.

Roofing Material	Hail Resistance	Damage Threshold	Typical Lifespan
Standard Asphalt Shingles	Low-Moderate	1″ hailstones	15-25 years
Impact-Rated Asphalt	High	2″+ hailstones	20-30 years
Metal Roofing	High	2″+ hailstones	40-70 years
Concrete Tiles	Very High	2″+ hailstones	40-75 years
Clay Tiles	Moderate-High	1.5″ hailstones	40-60 years
Wood Shingles	Moderate	1.5″ hailstones	20-30 years
Slate	High	2″ hailstones	75-100 years
Synthetic/Composite	High	2″+ hailstones	30-50 years

Asphalt Shingles

Standard asphalt shingles are the most common roofing material in Northeast Ohio but show damage from smaller hailstones relatively easily. Impact-resistant versions use special materials like SBS-modified asphalt (which contains rubber-like polymers) or fiberglass reinforcement to better withstand hail impacts.

• Damage signs: Missing granules, soft spots that feel like an orange peel when pressed, circular cracks around impact points
• Aging factor: Older asphalt shingles become brittle and more likely to crack when hit by hail
• Cost-benefit balance: Impact-resistant versions cost about 15-30% more but may qualify for insurance discounts

When hail hits standard asphalt shingles, it often knocks off the protective granules that shield the asphalt from UV rays. This granule loss accelerates aging and may void manufacturer warranties if severe enough.

Metal Roofing

Metal roofing generally handles hailstorms well from a functional perspective. While denting can occur, especially with softer metals like copper or aluminum, the roof typically maintains its water-shedding ability even after hail impact.

• Structural integrity: Metal rarely fails structurally from hail, even when cosmetically damaged
• Material differences: Steel (especially 24-gauge or thicker) performs better than aluminum or copper
• Profile impact: Standing seam profiles generally outperform corrugated panels due to their installation method

The main concern with metal roofs after hailstorms is cosmetic damage. Large hailstones can create noticeable dents, particularly on smooth panels. Textured or stone-coated metal products help disguise minor denting.

Concrete And Clay Tiles

Concrete tiles, particularly those with curved or S-shaped profiles, offer excellent hail resistance. Their density and shape help distribute impact forces, reducing the chance of breakage. Clay tiles, while also durable, tend to be more brittle than concrete and may crack more easily when hit by larger hailstones.

• Profile advantage: Curved tiles disperse impact energy better than flat tiles
• Weight consideration: Both materials require adequate roof framing to support their weight
• Replacement practicality: Individual damaged tiles can be replaced without affecting the entire roof

Concrete tiles have become one of the best roof materials for hail protection in severe weather regions. Their mass and strength allow them to withstand impacts that would damage many other materials.

Wood Shingles And Shakes

Wood roofing materials offer moderate hail resistance, with thicker shakes performing better than thinner shingles. Wood’s natural flexibility can help absorb impact, but larger hailstones may cause splitting or cracking along the grain.

• Thickness matters: Thicker wood shakes (¾” to 1¼”) resist hail better than thinner shingles
• Age impact: As wood ages and dries out, it becomes more brittle and less hail-resistant
• Maintenance factor: Regular treatments help preserve wood’s flexibility and impact resistance

Wood roofing materials in good condition can typically withstand hailstones up to about 1.5 inches in diameter without significant damage. Beyond that size, splitting becomes more common.

Slate And Synthetic Options

Natural slate offers excellent durability but can crack when hit by larger hailstones due to its brittle nature. Modern synthetic slate and composite materials are engineered specifically for impact resistance while mimicking the appearance of natural materials.

• Natural vs. synthetic: Synthetic options often carry better impact ratings than natural slate
• Weight difference: Synthetic materials typically weigh less, requiring less structural support
• Warranty coverage: Many synthetic products include specific hail damage warranties

Synthetic roofing products have advanced significantly in recent years, with many now achieving Class 4 impact ratings while offering the aesthetic appeal of natural materials like slate or wood.

Common Signs Of Hail Damage On Different Roof Types

Hail damage isn’t always immediately obvious and may not cause leaks right away. However, unaddressed damage can shorten a roof’s lifespan and lead to moisture problems over time. Each roofing material shows distinct signs of hail impact.

For asphalt shingles, look for random patterns of small, dark spots where granules have been knocked off. These spots often feel soft or slightly indented when pressed gently. Circular cracks or exposed fiberglass mat indicate more severe damage.

Metal roofing typically shows dents of varying sizes depending on the hailstone diameter and impact force. Paint chipping at impact points and damaged seams between panels are also common indicators. Dented flashing, gutters, and roof vents often accompany roof damage.

Tile roofing damage appears as cracked, broken, or completely shattered tiles. Impact marks or small chips on tile surfaces may be visible from the ground with binoculars. Look for tiles that have shifted from their original position, which can allow water entry.

Wood roofing materials show splits or cracks along the grain when damaged by hail. Impact marks or dents on the surface and broken corners or edges on individual shingles/shakes are typical. Dark weathering spots often develop around damaged areas due to moisture retention.

Slate roofs may show cracked or punctured tiles after hail impact. Star-shaped fracture patterns often radiate from the impact point. Synthetic materials typically show impact marks without complete failure due to their flexibility.

Does Installation And Maintenance Affect Hail Resistance

The way a roof is installed and maintained significantly influences how well it withstands hailstorms. Even the most hail-resistant materials can fail prematurely if improperly installed or neglected over time.

Proper fastening techniques are critical for hail resistance. Inadequate nailing patterns or incorrect fastener types can allow roofing materials to lift or separate during impacts. For example, asphalt shingles require specific nail placement to achieve their rated wind and impact resistance.

Underlayment quality provides a second line of defense. Premium synthetic underlayments create a more reliable water barrier if the outer roofing material is damaged by hail. In particularly vulnerable roof areas, self-adhering ice and water shield products offer enhanced protection.

The roof deck’s condition directly affects impact performance. Solid, properly spaced decking provides crucial support during hail impacts. Weak or rotted decking can flex excessively when hit by hail, increasing the likelihood of material failure.

Proper attic ventilation helps maintain material flexibility. Excessive heat buildup in poorly ventilated attics can accelerate aging and make materials like asphalt more brittle and susceptible to hail damage.

Regular maintenance preserves a roof’s hail resistance over time. Addressing minor issues promptly prevents them from becoming major vulnerabilities during storms. Professional inspections can identify potential weak points before they’re exposed by severe weather.

How To Assess Your Roof After A Hailstorm

After a hailstorm, a prompt assessment helps identify damage that may require repair. Insurance claims typically have time limitations, making timely documentation important. Here’s how to safely check for hail damage:

1. Inspect The Attic First

The attic often reveals damage that isn’t visible from outside. Using a flashlight, check for:

• Water stains, dampness, or active dripping
• Light showing through the roof deck (indicating holes)
• Wet spots on rafters or trusses
• New water trails or stains since the storm

2. Check For Surface Damage

Examine the roof from the ground using binoculars. Never climb on a potentially damaged roof, especially after a storm.

• Scan systematically from multiple angles
• Look for patterns of damage rather than isolated spots
• Check for missing, displaced, or damaged materials
• Focus on valleys, ridges, and areas around roof penetrations
• Take clear photographs of any visible damage

3. Look For Gutter And Downspout Issues

Gutters and downspouts often collect evidence of roof damage:

• Check gutters for accumulated granules (a sign of asphalt shingle damage)
• Look for roofing debris in downspouts
• Inspect the ground around the home for fallen roofing materials
• Note any dents in gutters, downspouts, and metal trim
• Observe water flow during the next rainfall to identify drainage problems

4. Contact A Professional If Unsure

When there’s any doubt about roof condition, professional inspection is the safest option. Trained roofing professionals can identify subtle damage that homeowners might miss. Many reputable roofing companies offer free post-storm inspections.

A professional inspector will examine the entire roof system, not just the surface materials. They’ll provide documentation of damage for insurance purposes and recommend appropriate repairs.

Steps To Strengthen An Existing Roof For Hail Protection

Homeowners can improve their roof’s hail resistance without complete replacement by implementing strategic upgrades during repairs or maintenance.

1. Reinforce Decking

When repairs expose the roof deck, consider these improvements:

• Upgrade to minimum 5/8″ plywood or OSB for better impact support
• Add fasteners to meet current building code requirements
• Address any sagging or water damage before other improvements
• Install deck reinforcement during any repair work that exposes the structure

2. Upgrade Underlayment

Modern underlayments offer superior protection compared to traditional felt:

• Choose synthetic underlayments with high tear resistance
• Consider products with specific water infiltration warranties
• Add self-adhering ice and water shield in valleys and other vulnerable areas
• Ensure proper installation with adequate overlaps and fastening

3. Consider Impact-Rated Shingles

When replacing portions of the roof:

• Select shingles with UL 2218 Class 4 rating for maximum hail protection
• Look into SBS-modified asphalt shingles for enhanced flexibility
• Ask about potential insurance premium discounts for impact-resistant materials
• Compare the higher initial cost against long-term durability benefits

4. Schedule Regular Inspections

Maintenance helps preserve hail resistance:

• Arrange professional inspections annually and after major storms
• Address minor repairs promptly to prevent progressive damage
• Keep gutters clean and properly attached
• Trim overhanging branches that could damage the roof during storms

Moving Forward With A Hail-Ready Roof

The best approach to hail protection combines quality materials, proper installation, and regular maintenance. While no roof is completely hail-proof, informed choices can significantly reduce damage risk and extend roof life.

For optimal protection against Northeast Ohio’s hailstorms, consider these key factors:

• Material selection: Choose roofing materials based on local hail risk, budget, and aesthetic preferences. Impact ratings provide a standardized way to compare performance.
• Installation quality: Proper installation according to manufacturer specifications ensures materials perform as designed during hail events.
• Maintenance routine: Regular inspections and prompt repairs help maintain a roof’s hail resistance over time.
• Insurance considerations: Many insurance companies offer premium discounts for impact-resistant roofing materials. These discounts can offset the higher initial cost.
• Long-term value: When comparing roofing options, consider the total cost over the expected lifespan, not just the initial installation expense.

Franciscus Roofing provides free roof inspections to help Northeast Ohio homeowners evaluate their current roof’s hail resistance and explore improvement options. Request a quick quote here.

Frequently Asked Questions About Hail Resistant Roofing Materials

What is the average cost difference between standard and hail resistant roofing materials?

Hail-resistant materials typically cost 15-30% more than standard options, but this investment is often offset by reduced repair needs, extended roof life, and potential insurance premium discounts in hail-prone regions like Northeast Ohio.

How long do impact resistant roofing materials typically last compared to standard options?

Impact-resistant roofing materials generally last 25-50% longer than standard versions of the same material, primarily because they maintain their structural integrity through multiple storm events that would damage conventional roofing.

Will my homeowners insurance offer discounts for installing hail resistant roofing?

Many insurance companies offer premium discounts of 5-30% for homes with UL Class 4 impact-resistant roofing, though specific savings vary by insurer and location; contact your insurance provider to verify available discounts in Northeast Ohio.

Can partial roof reinforcement improve hail resistance or is complete replacement necessary?

Strategic partial reinforcement during repairs can significantly improve hail resistance, particularly when upgrading to impact-rated materials in vulnerable areas like roof slopes facing prevailing storm directions.

How can I determine if my current roof will stand up to Northeast Ohio hailstorms?

A professional roof inspection can assess your current roof’s hail resistance by evaluating material type, age, installation quality, and existing wear patterns to determine vulnerability to future storms.